The greenback parrotfish (Scarus trispinosus), is an endemic parrotfish species from Brazil which has recently been included as endangered in IUCN red list owing to the decline of 50% of global population in the last 3 generations. The decrease of Scarus trispinosus abundance from coastal areas could alter irreversibly the resilience of coral reefs and urgent actions are needed to prevent this scenario. By making a baseline assessment of S. trispinosus along the Brazilian coast we aim to provide information regarding the status of remnant populations and the existence of unique stocks to help managers on the conservation of this species and its habitat.