Laura Nyamutondo Munema
Gigasiphon macrosiphon (Harms) Brenan is a medium-sized tree under the Caesalpiniaceae family with high ecological and ornamental value. It is an endemic legume tree species accepted by the Royal Botanic Gardens (KEW) and declared a native range of coastal forests in Kenya and Tanzania. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species categorizes most of the endemic species found in the coastal forests as Endangered or Critically Endangered. with great conservation concern (Salehe, 2011). This list has classified G. macrosiphon as an Endangered species and thus needs attention to prevent its extinction. This research project aims to characterize genetic and phenotypic traits and assess factors affecting its regeneration to guide stakeholders in making decisions for the revival and conservation of the species in Tanzania. Lindi and Tanga are the regions of Tanzania from which the species has been reported therefore focus of the project.
G. macrosiphon leaves and a flower that is about to open. ©L. N. Munema.
Information about the current distribution and population structure of G. macrosiphon in Tanzania and the evidence regarding its conservation efforts is lacking. Similarly, little is known about the phenology and variation of this species across sites which makes its propagation questionable. It is on these grounds that this research project was developed for insights into these facts and to ensure the conservation of the species. Population mapping will provide an understanding of the population size, structure, and distribution of G. macrosiphon trees in Tanzania and therefore update the IUCN Red List of threatened species. The phenological calendar to be developed will indicate the flushing, flowering, and fruiting time of these trees across sites and hence the appropriate time for seed collection.
In-situ experiments will validate natural regeneration potential and factors affecting while ex-situ experiments will reveal the optimal nursery treatment for the growth and survival of the seedlings within the ex-situ environment for conservation. Social surveys through Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and Key informant interviews (KII) will determine the potential values of G. macrosiphon trees and associated threats in coastal forests. The surveys will also create awareness and establish a baseline for involving surrounding local communities in the conservation of the species for both direct and indirect benefits to human beings and forest ecosystems.
Header: G. macrosiphon leaves and flower buds. ©L. N. Munema.