Maria Soledad Andrade Diaz
This research examines the conservation challenges faced by the paleochannel grasslands of Argentina’s Dry Chaco, an ecosystem that has experienced rapid degradation and transformation since the early 20th century. Although small in extent compared to woodland cover, these semi-natural grasslands—situated along ancient riverbeds—are ecologically significant, providing essential ecosystem services such as carbon sequestration, water retention, biodiversity habitat, and cultural value for local communities. However, they remain highly vulnerable to land-use changes; up to 77% have been converted to cropland or pasture, leaving native species covering only about 27% of these grasslands.
Natural grassland patches dominated by Elionurus muticus ("aibe") within agricultural landscapes. ©Maria Soledad Andrade Diaz.
A major threat to this ecosystem is woody species encroachment, influenced by fire management practices, grazing pressures, and climate variability, especially drought conditions. Mismanagement of grazing practices disrupts the composition of native plants, allowing invasive species to thrive, while fire suppression or uncontrolled burning can lead either to an increase in shrub cover or severe soil degradation. Although these grasslands hold substantial ecological value, they remain largely excluded from conservation policies, with only 6% under formal protection, leaving most areas at risk of further transformation.
This study aims to bridge critical knowledge gaps on the paleochannel grasslands by developing a framework that highlights their conservation value. Through a combination of socio-ecological data, including insights from local social actors, field observations, and vegetation analyses, this research will assess how land use impacts these ecosystems and their services. Utilizing a Systematic Conservation Planning approach, it seeks to identify conservation priority areas while balancing agricultural productivity.
In summary, this research seeks to provide actionable conservation recommendations for the paleochannel grasslands in the Dry Chaco. By promoting sustainable land management that addresses both ecological preservation and local needs, the project aligns with sustainability goals, fostering a participatory conservation approach that supports both environmental integrity and regional development.
Header: Paleochannel grasslands in the Argentinean Dry Chaco. ©Maria Soledad Andrade Diaz.