Contemporary urban ecology views cities as heterogeneous and dynamic ecosystems, composed of biotic, physical, social, and man-made systems, whose boundaries extend to and interact with natural and cultural landscapes. In this context, urban beekeeping (which throughout this article refers to beekeeping of stingless bees only)—whether for the production of honey and marketable products, for conservational and educational purposes, or even as a leisure activity—stands out as a growing practice that demands further study. Many species of stingless bees (Meliponini tribe) have adapted to urban areas, while others are more sensitive. The composition of the surroundings where the meliponary is located is of vital importance for its success, and the distribution of resources for foraging is a fundamental factor for the population dynamics of bees. Both the composition of the surroundings and the distribution of resources for foraging are essential to the establishment and maintenance of meliponaries in the long term, in terms of both the health of the nests, the bees, and the quality of the products they produce.