Himalayan Black Bear.

Himalayan black bear, a vulnerable species included in IUCN Red List, is endangered in national red list of Nepal. They are distributed across the Mid-to-high hills and recorded in most of the mountainous Protected Areas that represent the prime habitat of the black bear. Habitat fragmentation from the natural barriers and scattered human settlement might hinder the bear movement obstructing the gene flow among different populations.

Thus, this study elucidates genetic level diversity and conservation of Himalayan black bear in Nepal using microsatellite DNA Markers, widely used to quantify genetic diversity, relatedness and population structure using non- invasive survey.