Utkarsh Prajapati
Sloth bears, classified as Vulnerable by the IUCN, face declining populations across their range due to habitat loss, degradation, and human-wildlife conflict. These challenges are exacerbated by urbanization and increasing resource demands. The Aravalli mountain range, a critical ecotone in Rajasthan, provides habitat for sloth bears and other vulnerable species but faces significant anthropogenic pressures. This project aims to investigate sloth bear occupancy, habitat use, and human-bear conflict in the Sirohi and Jalore districts of Rajasthan to inform conservation strategies.
The study employs a grid-based occupancy framework, using sign surveys and transects to detect sloth bear presence. Habitat assessments will characterize vegetation, terrain, and human disturbance, while conflict records from the forest department will identify high-risk zones for human-bear encounters. Key variables influencing sloth bear detection and habitat preferences, such as proximity to villages, food availability, and terrain features, will be analyzed to pinpoint critical conservation areas.
Collaboration with stakeholders is central to this project. The Rajasthan Forest Department will provide logistical support and participate in field surveys. Local tribal communities, including the Bhil-Garasia tribe, will be engaged as field assistants, benefiting financially and gaining conservation awareness. Training programs for forest staff and community members will focus on identifying bear signs, using spatial data tools, and monitoring habitats. Education initiatives, including locally tailored materials and volunteer groups, will promote coexistence and long-term conservation efforts.
The findings will produce baseline data on sloth bear ecology and conflict dynamics in Rajasthan. Results will inform conservation strategies, habitat restoration, and conflict mitigation efforts, ensuring the coexistence of sloth bears and local communities. Outcomes will be shared with the IUCN Bear Specialist Group and other stakeholders to revise sloth bear range maps and guide future conservation actions.
By fostering collaboration among forest officials, local communities, and international conservation networks, this project aims to enhance sloth bear conservation in an under-researched region. It will contribute to global efforts to protect the species while addressing local ecological and socio-economic challenges, creating a sustainable and inclusive framework for conservation in the Aravalli landscape.