Enhancing Community-Based Conservation and Sustainable Livelihoods for the Barabaig Pastoralist Community in South-Eastern Ruaha National Park, Tanzania

1 Feb 2025 Kitisi village, Tanzania, Africa Conflict | Elephants | Hunting | People

Zablon Fataely


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21 Jun 2023

Reducing Traditional Elephant Killing by Barabaig Pastoral Community: A Case Study of South-Eastern Ruaha National Park, Tanzania

The project, “Enhancing Community-Based Conservation and Sustainable Livelihoods for the Barabaig Pastoralist Community in South-Eastern Ruaha National Park, Tanzania,” aims to enhance elephant conservation while promoting sustainable livelihoods among the Barabaig pastoralist community near South-Eastern Ruaha National Park, Tanzania. Building on the success of a previous first Rufford Small Grant project with ID 40176-1 that established baseline data on traditional elephant hunting practices, this initiative focuses on several objectives, including:

1. Strengthening community awareness and participation in elephant conservation through monthly workshops and by training Barabaig leaders as conservation ambassadors. These activities aim to foster a deeper understanding of wildlife conservation and its benefits while leveraging local leadership to promote sustainable practices.

2. Establishing beekeeping as an alternative livelihood program for the Barabaig community. This intervention specifically addresses cultural practices where young men hunt elephants to receive cattle as a gift, which is a traditional measure of wealth and prestige. By providing a sustainable income source through beekeeping, the project aims to reduce the community’s reliance on practices that harm elephant populations while maintaining economic opportunities.

3. Implementing a community-led surveillance program to reduce traditional elephant killings. Local participants will be trained to use GPS technology to monitor elephants' movements and collect geospatial data, creating a network of local guardians who can help protect elephants while managing human-wildlife interactions.

Furthermore, the sustainability of this project emphasises community ownership, capacity building and partnership with local NGOs, government authorities and academic institutions. The project will be implemented over 12 months starting in February 2025. The success of this project will be measured through multiple indicators, including decreased elephant killings, increased participation of the local community in conservation initiatives and the successful adoption of alternative livelihoods. The results from this project will be shared through workshops, peer-reviewed publications and community outreach programs to ensure broader impacts and knowledge dissemination.

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